Unit 9 "Time"
CONDITIONAL SENTENCES - TINGIMUSLAUSED
Conditionals are composed of two clauses: the IF clause and the RESULT clause.
You can begin conditional sentences with the if clause or the result clause. The meaning is the same.
If the IF clause comes first, a comma is used between the two clauses.
If you learn it, you will know it. You will know it if you learn it.
Zero conditional - If + present simple (lihtolevik 1. põhivorm) + present simple.
It is used for situations that are generally or always true or with instructions or invitations.
If you touch fire, you get burned.
If you have time, come over.
First conditional - If + present simple (lihtolevik, 1. põhivorm) + will / won't + infinitive.
It is used for possible and probable situations in the future and their consequences.
If you have already eaten supper, I'll make you a cup of tea.
Second conditional - If + past simple (lihtminevik) + would / wouldn't + infinitive
It is used for imaginary, impossible, or improbable situations and their consequences. The situations are in the present or future, NOT in the past.
If I were rich (imaginary present situation), I would travel all over the world (the consequence).
If I were a prince, I would live in a palace.
UNLESS / IF
IfIf means on (the) condition that, provided (that), providing (that), presuming (that), supposing (that), assuming (that), as long as...
Example:
If I am free this evening, I will watch the match.
UnlessUnless means except if.
Example:
You will feel cold unless you wear a warm jacket.
If and unless in conditional sentencesBoth if and unless are used to introduce conditional sentences:
Conditional Sentence Type 1:
You can begin conditional sentences with the if clause or the result clause. The meaning is the same.
If the IF clause comes first, a comma is used between the two clauses.
If you learn it, you will know it. You will know it if you learn it.
Zero conditional - If + present simple (lihtolevik 1. põhivorm) + present simple.
It is used for situations that are generally or always true or with instructions or invitations.
If you touch fire, you get burned.
If you have time, come over.
First conditional - If + present simple (lihtolevik, 1. põhivorm) + will / won't + infinitive.
It is used for possible and probable situations in the future and their consequences.
If you have already eaten supper, I'll make you a cup of tea.
Second conditional - If + past simple (lihtminevik) + would / wouldn't + infinitive
It is used for imaginary, impossible, or improbable situations and their consequences. The situations are in the present or future, NOT in the past.
If I were rich (imaginary present situation), I would travel all over the world (the consequence).
If I were a prince, I would live in a palace.
UNLESS / IF
IfIf means on (the) condition that, provided (that), providing (that), presuming (that), supposing (that), assuming (that), as long as...
Example:
If I am free this evening, I will watch the match.
UnlessUnless means except if.
Example:
You will feel cold unless you wear a warm jacket.
If and unless in conditional sentencesBoth if and unless are used to introduce conditional sentences:
Conditional Sentence Type 1:
- If we don't hurry, we will be late for the show.
- Unless we hurry, we will be late for the show.
- If he had permission from his parents, he would travel alone.
- Unless he had permission from his parents, he wouldn't travel alone.
- If you hadn't suggested it, I wouldn't have phoned him.
- Unless you had suggested it, I wouldn't have phoned him.
Harjutamiseks
ZERO CONDITIONAL
THE FIRST CONDITIONAL
THE SECOND CONDITIONAL
MIXED TYPES OF CONDITIONALS